Working Principle of Commutator

Commutators is a critical components which is used in DC permanent magnet series excited motor and single phase series excited motor, it converts the DC current passing through the carbon brush into an alternating current in the winding or converts the alternating electromotive force in the winding into a DC electromotive force on the carbon brush. The function of the commutator is to alternate the direction of current, in order to keep the motor comtinuously rotating.

Commutator is the heart of the electric motor.

The working principle of the commutator is:

After the coil passes the current, under the action of the magnetic field, it rotates through the attraction and repulsion forces. When the commutator turns to balance with the magnet, the contact piece on the commutator corresponding to the originally energized coil is separated from the carbon brush, and the carbon brush is connected to the contact piece corresponding to the set of coils that generate the driving force, so that the DC motor can keep rotating continuously.

In AC series excited motor, the role of the stator core with winding is similar as the magnet which is used in DC motor, so the working principle of commutator is the same.

Nide produces more than 1200 different types of electric motor stator and armature rotor brush commutator, including hook type, riser type, shell type, planar type, ranging from OD 4mm to OD 150mm and we are professional in manufacturing commutator for many years. The commutators are widely applied to automotive industry, power tools, household appliances, and other motors.If our existing models are not suitable for you, we could also develop new tooling according to your drawing and samples.