Several forms of motor stator winding

The structure of motor stator winding is mainly divided into the following types:

(1). The stator windings form magnetic poles to distinguish

The stator winding forms the relationship of the actual number of magnetic poles according to the number of magnetic poles of the motor and the distribution of the windings. It can be divided into two types: the obvious pole type and the common pole type.

1. Salient pole winding

In the salient-pole winding, each (group) coil forms a magnetic pole, and the number of windings (groups) is equal to the number of magnetic poles.

In the salient-pole winding, in order to separate the magnetic poles N and S from each other, the direction of the current in the two adjacent coils (groups) must be opposite, that is, the connection method of the two adjacent coils (groups) must be at the end Connect the tail end and the head end to the head end (electrical terminology is "tail connection, head connection"), that is, reverse connection in series.

2. Unipolar winding

In single-pole winding, each (group) coil forms two magnetic poles, and the number of coils (groups) of the winding is half of the number of magnetic poles, because the other half of the magnetic poles are formed by the lines of magnetic force generated by the coils (groups).

In single-pole winding, the polarity of the magnetic pole formed by each coil (group) is the same, so the current direction in all coils (group) is the same, that is, the connection method of two adjacent coils (groups) should be The tail end is connected to the head end ("tail joint" in electrical engineering terminology), that is, serial connection.

(2). Distinguish between the shape of the stator winding and the coil insertion method

Stator windings can be divided into two types, centralized and distributed, according to different coil winding shapes and embedded wiring methods.

1. Centralized winding

Concentrated windings generally consist of only one or several rectangular frame coils. After winding, it is wrapped and shaped with yarn tape, and then embedded in the iron core of the salient magnetic pole after being dipped and dried. The excitation coils of DC motors, general-purpose motors, and the main pole windings of single-phase shaded pole motors all use this type of winding.

2. Distributed winding

The stator of the motor adopting distributed winding has no convex pole palm, and each magnetic pole is composed of one or several coils embedded and wired according to a certain rule to form a coil group. According to the different forms of embedded wiring arrangement, distributed windings can be divided into two types: concentric and stacked.

a. Concentric windings Concentric windings are several rectangular coils of different sizes in the same coil group, which are embedded and arranged one by one into a back shape according to the same center position. Concentric windings are divided into single layer and multilayer. Generally, the stator windings of single-phase motors and some low-power three-phase asynchronous motors adopt this type.

b. Stacked windings Stacked windings are all coils of exactly the same shape and size (except for single and double turns), each slot is embedded with one coil side, and the outer end of the slot is stacked one by one and evenly distributed. Stacked windings are divided into single-layer stacking and double-layer stacking. Only one coil side embedded in each slot is a single-layer stacked winding, or called a single-stack winding; each slot with two coil edges (upper and lower) of different coil groups embedded in a double-layered winding, or double Stack winding. Stacked windings are divided into single- and double-turn cross wiring arrangements and single- and double-layer mixed wiring arrangements due to different changes in the embedded wiring methods; in addition, the embedded shapes from the winding ends are called chain windings and basket windings. In fact, they are all stacked windings. Generally, the stator windings of three-phase asynchronous motors use stacked windings.

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